What term refers to the use of computer control to manufacture complex parts?

• A. Automated production
• B. Batch production
• C. Continuous flow
• D. Computer numerical control (CNC)

Answer: (D)

The term describes computer numerical control, where a computer guides machine tools to shape parts with high precision and the ability to handle complex geometries. A CNC system reads a programmed set of instructions—usually created from CAD/CAM work—that tell the machine the exact tool paths, speeds, and feeds. The computer continuously controls the movements of the cutting tools, allowing repeatable production of intricate parts that would be difficult or inconsistent with manual control. This computer-guided capability distinguishes it from broader automated production, and from production patterns like batch or continuous flow, which describe how work is organized rather than how it’s controlled. In practice, a designer models the part in CAD, generates CAM toolpaths, converts them to a CNC program, and runs it on a CNC milling or turning machine to manufacture the part.