When a new technology supersedes an existing technology, the existing technology quickly falls out of use and is no longer incorporated into new products.

• A. Disruptive innovation
• B. Sustaining innovation
• C. Obsolescence
• D. Technology transfer

Answer: (B)

This describes disruptive innovation. It happens when a new technology starts in a different or simpler market, or with a cheaper approach, and gradually improves to the point where the old technology is no longer used in new products. The old technology becomes obsolete as the new one takes over in mainstream applications.

Sustaining innovation, by contrast, focuses on making existing products better for current customers, not replacing them. Obsolescence is the end state of being out of use, but it’s the result of disruption rather than the process itself. Technology transfer refers to moving technology between organizations or contexts, not the market-driven displacement of one technology by another.

So the scenario is best explained by disruptive innovation.